Here is an article related to government officials and the NJ Criminal Code.
By Edward J. Kologi. Esq. League Associate Counsel
Many individuals seek public office with the genuine intent of trying to effectuate positive change. Although only a small percentage of elected officials ever engage in actual criminal behavior, it is imperative that all officials remain aware of precisely what constitutes criminal conduct to ensure that they never cross over the line.
The New Jersey Criminal Code (N.J.S.A 2C:1-1 et seq.) contains a number of offenses which are specifically directed at public officials and/or employees. Although this article is not intended as an exhaustive treatment of all state law on this subject, it will hopefully provide a working knowledge of the major acts or omissions which may give rise to criminal culpability.
Official Misconduct (N.J.S.A. 2C:30-2) A public servant commits official misconduct if with a purpose to obtain a benefit for himself or herself or another (or to injure or deprive another of a benefit) he or she knowingly commits an act relating to his or her office constituting an unauthorized exercise of official functions: or knowingly refrains from performing a duty which is imposed by law and is clearly inherent in the nature of the office. The “benefit” obtained may be of minimal value. Investigation Into Hamilton T.P. Board of Education 205 N.J. Super. 248 (App. Div.1985). This also includes benefits not received by the public official but rather by a third party. State v. Schenkolewski 301 N.J.Super.115 (App. Div.), cert. den.151 N.J. Super. (1977). To violate this section, the individual must be a public servant and the act must relate to the office. State v. Bullock 136 N.J. 149 (1994). Unlawful Business Transaction Where Interest Is Involved (N.J.S.A. 2C:27-9) A public servant violates this law if, while performing his or her official functions on behalf of a governmental entity, he or she knowingly transacts any business with him or herself, a member of his or her immediate family, or a business organization in which the public servant or an immediate family member has an interest. The term “business organization” shall not include aggregate familial ownership or control of one percent or less of an interest in the capital or equity of the business organization. Further, it is not a violation if the public servant’s performance of official functions would not affect him or her, his or her family or business organization differently than such performance would affect the public generally.
Acceptance or Receipt of Unlawful Benefit by Public Servant for Official Behavior (N.J.S.A . 2C:27-10) If under color of office and in connection with any official act performed or to be performed, a public servant directly or indirectly knowingly solicits, accepts or agrees to accept any benefit for himself or another person to influence the performance of any official duty, a violation occurs. Further, the term “benefit” includes any benefit from or by reason of a contract or agreement for goods, property or services awarded by the public entity employing the public servant. There are three exceptions in the statute as to conduct not constituting a violation: (1) fees or any other benefit prescribed by law to be received by the public servant to which he or she is otherwise legally entitled and if said fees or benefits are received in the manner legally prescribed and not bartered for another benefit to influence his or her official duties; (2) gifts or other benefits conferred on account of kinship or other personal, professional or business relationship independent of the official status of the recipient if same are not bartered for another benefit to influence the performance of an official duty; (3) trivial benefits which involve no risk that the public servant would perform official duties in a biased or partial manner. For grading purposes, this section is a crime of the second degree unless the benefit solicited or accepted is of a value of $200 or less, in which case it is a crime of the third degree. Hence, an occasional lunch or even perhaps a round of golf may not be problematic; however, using a vendor’s condo in Florida on a regular basis may certainly raise problematic issues under this section
In sum, there is little room for error in terms of conduct which falls within any of the above categories. While the official may not be aware that such acts may constitute a criminal act, ignorance of the law continues to be no excuse, nor should it be. If an official has the slightest question as to whether a proposed action or course of conduct is illegal, appropriate advice from either the local public entity attorney or in appropriate cases, the County Prosecutor should be sought prior to acting. The career you save may be your own.
Edward J. Kologi, Esq. has represented public entities for 25 years and currently serves as Linden’s Municipal Attorney and as Associate Counsel to the New Jersey State League of Municipalities.
After reading the above report you start to question whether the 51 Monmouth St (Old Red Bank Police Station) and the Cedar Crossings development were handled properly. The 51 Monmouth St property was gifted to Mayor Ed McKenna’s Kid’s Bridge Charity which then borrowed over 1 million dollars from Amboy Bank for possible renovations. Kid’s Bridge Charity was taken over by the Red Bank YMCA about a year after the town gifted the property. Eventually the property was sold for over 1 million dollars while the Borough of Red Bank received no money thus costing the taxpayers of Red Bank over 1 million dollars. A judge as noted by the plaintiff pre-wrote her decision which also happened to me involving the Courtyards at Monmouth project and led me to create this site. The decision appears to allow the sale to go through between the YMCA and Red Bank Catholic but does not address an allegation that it was not disclosed that Ed McKenna’s charity would be the organization that received the property for $1. This transfer occurred while Ed McKenna was Mayor of Red Bank. Another situation involving Mayor Ed McKenna was that in August 2006 he pushed for the Red Bank Council to acquired land at above the appraised value using State Grant Money designated for the creation of affordable housing. At the time Ed McKenna never indicated that he would be creating a non-profit development corporation known as Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp in which he was designated Vice President. This corporation was created in the Spring of 2007 just months after Ed McKenna stepped down as Mayor of Red Bank. Here is information from the Decotiis lawfirm on the creation of Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp.
DeCotiis’ helps create Red Bank Affordable Housing Corporation
Thirty-six units of affordable housing already in development
DeCotiis, FitzPatrick & Cole, LLP, in its role as Counsel to the Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp., recently helped lead the successful development of Cedar Crossing at Red Bank, a 36-unit, for sale, affordable housing project in the Borough of Red Bank, New Jersey.
This project is being constructed on a site that was acquired by the Borough using Municipal Land Acquisition Funds obtained from the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. As part of this project, DeCotiis worked with other project consultants to secure necessary state, county and local funding and approvals. DeCotiis attorneys also worked to organize and incorporate the Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp., the nonprofit developer created exclusively for the charitable purpose of promoting, developing, constructing, operating and selling affordable housing in the Borough.
“We are proud to have played a role in the development of this very important project,” said Frank Borin, a Partner at DeCotiis and a member of the firm’s Executive Committee. “I hope we can replicate this project elsewhere in order to bring new affordable housing options to the State’s residents. The leadership of the Borough and of the Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp. should be commended for their commitment to this project and their tireless efforts to see the project through.”
The project consists entirely of two and three bedroom units to be constructed in two phases. All of the units will be owner-occupied by affordable households, as defined by the Fair Housing Act and the COAH regulations. The first phase of the project should be ready for occupancy in the Spring of 2011, with the second phase being completed shortly thereafter.
Please join DeCotiis, FitzPatrick & Cole in congratulating Frank Borin, Maurice Stone and Amy Shotmeyer for their exemplary work with the Red Bank Affordable Housing Corporation.
When the Decotiis law firm speaks of working with consultants to obtain government grant money you have to wonder who they worked with. What I do know is that the Decotiis firm has crossed paths with the people involved in the following article and that they had not been arrested at the time Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp was established. This article also mentions an investigation into the Paramus Affordable Housing Corp in which William Katchen is involved as well as being involved in the Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp. Chances are that this explains why Bergen County Democrats were involved in the creation and operation of the Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp.
Bergen County Democratic Organization Chairman Joseph Ferriero indicted
- Written By: News Media
- 9-9-2008
- Categorized in: Bribes, Payoffs, and Politics, Government, U.S. Attorney District of New Jersey
Bergen County Democratic Organization Chairman Joseph Ferriero Feds say Ferriero bragged of influence
Tuesday, September 9, 2008
Federal authorities indicted Bergen County Democratic Organization Chairman Joseph Ferriero and the party’s chief counsel, Dennis Oury, today.
A federal grand jury returned an eight-count indictment accusing Ferriero and Oury, who was fired as the Bergenfield borough attorney in January, of conspiracy to commit fraud against the borough and mail fraud.
“I am done being surprised in this job,” U.S. Attorney Christopher J. Christie said. “We’ve had these conversations before about others we’ve prosecuted … for some reason, greed and power seem to corrupt them and overcome what otherwise might be good sense and good decision-making.”
The indictment charges that in December 2001, Ferriero and Oury conceived of a plan to form a company called Government Grants Consulting LLC that would be paid by Bergen County towns to assist them in obtaining state and local grant monies. According to the indictment, Ferriero indicated that Government Grants would be successful because he could use his “influence” to help the municipalities “get a better result.”
Federal investigators began issuing subpoenas for records related to Oury, Ferriero and Governmental Grants Consulting in May. Since then, they have executed more than 30 subpoenas in North Jersey, and in August, conducted searches of both Oury and Ferriero’s respective law offices.
Ferriero’s troubles were compounded last week following allegations of sexual misconduct. According to a law enforcement source close to the case, a formal charge has not been filed against Ferriero and he has not been taken into custody.
A clerk in the criminal records division of Bergen County Superior Court said that a docket number had been created and that “a sexual charge” was pending against Ferriero. The case has been transferred to the Hudson County Prosecutor’s Office from Bergen County.
Since the allegation became public last week, Ferriero has announced that he would be taking leaves of absence from three different posts: as chairman of the county’s Democratic Party, in his role as a lawyer at Scarinci Hollenbeck and as chief counsel for the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commissioners.
Ferriero and Oury both provided start-up money for Governmental Grants Consulting, according to David Spatz, the president of the now-defunct firm. Leonard Kaiser, the chairman of the Bergen County Utilities Authority, also had a financial interest in the firm.
According to the indictment, Oury was appointed to serve as the borough attorney at a January 1, 2002, Bergenfield borough council reorganization meeting. While GGC was still in the planning stages and had yet to be formally organized, Bergenfield retained it to serve as its grants consultant and agreed to pay a $6,000 retainer fee, plus an additional fee calculated as a percentage of any grants or loans received. Oury never disclosed his ownership interest in GGC, according to the indictment. Despite this, Oury went on to exercise his official power to further a grant-aided real estate purchase – all as Oury and Ferriero stood to gain personally from their ownership interests in GGC.
Ferriero is widely credited with injecting new life into the Bergen County Democratic Party and making it the dominant force it is today. He became the party chairman in 1998 after Oury dropped out of contention. Since then, his talent for fundraising has made him one of the state’s most powerful Democrats.
Oury also wields a great deal of power in North Jersey Democratic circles. He is counsel for the Bergen County Improvement Authority and has held jobs in several towns, including Ridgefield and Bergenfield, both of which employed Governmental Grants Consulting.
January 2003 billing records from Bergenfield show that Oury charged the borough $135 for a telephone conference involving Spatz. If accurate, Oury was billing the borough for dealing with a firm in which he had an undisclosed financial interest.
Oury’s financial disclosure forms submitted to Bergenfield, New Milford, Paramus, Edgewater, Fort Lee and the Fairview Board of Education never mentioned his financial stake in the firm. And officials from Garfield and Ridgefield said Oury never filed disclosure forms, despite working in those towns.
In Bergen County, Oury’s public work generated $760,000 to $1.1 million in annual income for his law firm in each of the three previous calendar years.
Oury has given at least $105,000 to Democratic candidates since 1999, most of it going to the Bergen County Democratic Organization.
Bergen County municipalities paid the firm 10 percent of the first $1 million in grant money it obtained for them, plus a retainer in some cases, according to contracts obtained by The Record.
Ferriero, Oury and GGC are not the only ones to attract interest at the U.S. Attorney’s Office. In recent months, Christie has also issued subpoenas seeking information about the Paramus Affordable Housing Corporation and SVC Consulting, a company established by Ferriero.
State Sen. Loretta Weinberg, D-Teaneck, has been one of Ferriero’s most vocal critics. She described news of the indictment as a hardship for the Democratic Party.
“This is not a happy day for the Bergen Democrats,” she said. “My goal is to make sure we remain united &hellip we can’t let this interfere with that.”
Bergenfield Mayor Timothy Driscoll was instrumental in having Oury ousted in January.
“It’s been a long time coming,” he said Driscoll.
Here is an article that explains that Red Bank Housing Authority would oversee the construction which was not true. The Red Bank Affordable Housing Corporation was the developer. Here is an article whereby Mayor Ed McKenna states that acquiring the Cedar Crossings property is a “Sterling Opportunity”. He never disclosed that he would create an affordable housing corporation only months after pushing to acquire the land. After the town received the NJ Grant money for acquiring the land, the town then gifted the land to Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp. The gift was in the neighborhood of 2.5 million. Red Bank Affordable Housing Corp will eventually earn hundred’s of thousands of dollars when the project is finished.
Here is a NJ Investigative Report related to land development in Chesterfield NJ.
In New Jersey, public officials who exercise their official influence over matters in which they have a conflict of interest commit a crime when they do so with a purpose to benefit themselves or others.
The OSC investigation confirmed that Durr used his official influence and unique position as a government official to gain benefit from the land use program he helped implement in Chesterfield, known as a Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) program. That program, which balances farmland preservation with controlled development, won national recognition and paved the way for legislation authorizing TDR programs statewide. It is vital for the future credibility of TDR as a land use strategy that those responsible for its administration not use their privileged position for personal advantage.
Here are some regulations related to government officials in NJ as well as the code of ethics.
5 II. GENERAL STANDARDS OF CONDUCT
It is essential that the conduct of public officials and employees shall hold the respect and confidence of the people. Public officials must, therefore, avoid conduct that is in violation of their public trust or that creates a justifiable impression among the public that such trust is being violated. Accordingly, State officers and employees and special State officers and employees shall conform their conduct to the following standards.
1. No State officer or employee or special State officer or employee should have any interest, financial or otherwise, direct or indirect, or engage in any business or transaction or professional activity, which is in substantial conflict with the proper discharge of his/her duties in the public interest.
2. No State officer or employee or special State officer or employee should engage in any particular business, profession, trade or occupation which is subject to licensing or regulation by a specific agency of State Government without promptly filing notice of such activity with the Commission.
3. No State officer or employee or special State officer or employee should act in his/her official capacity in any matter wherein he/she has a direct or indirect personal financial interest that might reasonably be expected to impair his/her objectivity or independence of judgment.
4. No State officer or employee or special State officer or employee should knowingly act in any way that might reasonably be expected to create an impression or suspicion among the public having knowledge of his/her acts that he/she may be engaged in conduct violative of his trust as a State officer or employee or special State officer or employee.
It would seem to me that at the very least Mayor Ed McKenna should have disclosed his relationships to the non-profits receiving million dollar plus properties owned by the Borough of Red Bank. I would also think in all fairness to other charities and non-profits that other organizations should have had an opportunity to bid or demonstrate their ability to operate the projects. Both of Ed McKenna’s organizations were start ups and in the case of the Kid’s Bridge organization had to close shortly after being formed due to a lack of funding. Maybe one day someone will decide whether these transactions met the criteria of public trust or not.
Penalties for violating the public’s trust
No state officer, employee, or member of the Legislature shall:-Representation, appearance or negotiation, directly or indirectly, for acquisition or sale of property by state-Representation of state agency in transaction involving pecuniary interest-Disclosure or use for personal gain of information not available to public-Solicitation, receipt or agreement to receive thing of value for service related to official duties | (penalties found§52-13D-21(i))EC §52:13D-15EC §52:13D-20EC §52:13D-25EC §52:13D-24 | $500 – $10,000; suspension from office for 1 year; if decided to be willful and continuous disregard of the code of ethics, may be removed from office and may further bar from holding any public office in the State for a 5 year period |